30 physical quantities with their si units and cgs units | 30 examples list
In this post there is a collection of 30 fundamental and derived physical quantities which commonly used in physics with their si units and CGS units. Also describe the derived quantity with derivation.
But before we start discussing 30 examples of physical quantities. We should know what is physical quantity? How many types of physical quantity. So let's start.
Physical quantity are those quantities which represents the quantities of any material with the help of some symbols attached with numerical values. For example a container contains 6 kilograms of wheat. So we can write 6 kg. Here kg is the physical quantity attached with numerical value of 6.
In other words a physical quantity is defined as the total amount of substance expressed in terms of some symbols attached with numerical values. We use physical quantities just to understand how much or how many substance are present. In short it express the quantities of the substance.
30 physical quantities with their si units and cgs units
(1.) Mass (M)
(2.) Distance (S)
(3.) Time (T)
(4.) Speed (s)
(5.) Volume (V)
(6.) Density (D)
(7.) Pressure (P)
(8.) Work (W)
(9.) Energy (E)
(10.) Electric current (A)
(11.) Velocity (V)
(12.) Acceleration (A)
(13.) Displacement (S)
(14.) Force (F)
(15.) torque (τ)
(16.) Electric field (E)
(17.) Angular velocity (⍵)
(18.) Linear momentum (P)
(19.) Magnetic dipole moment (ጣ)
(20.) Thrust (T)
(21.) Temperature (T)
(22.) Frequency (μ)
(23.) Amount of substance (Mol)
(24.) Concentration (C)
(25.) Power (P)
(26.) Impulse (I)
(27.) Angle (∠)
(28.) Weight (W)
(29.) Magnetic field (B)
(30.) Gravitation (G)
Lets discuss all of these physical quantities with their definition along with their si and cgs unit.
(1.) Mass (M)
Mass is the scale of measurement of inertia of any body or matter. mass represent the quantity that a body have. greater the mass of a body, less in impact of force in it. mass do not depends on shape and size of a body. that means the greater size of a body need not have a greater mass or vice-versa.
- S.I unit of mass:- Kilogram (Kg)
- CGS unit of mass:- Gram (g)
(2.) Distance (S)
The actual path covered by the body during the whole journey. It is denoted by S. distance is different from displacement. both have some differences between them. Distance may be in straight line, curved line, or zigzag line. Distance can never be zero untill or unless the body is at rest.
- S.I unit of distance:- Meter (m)
- CGS unit of distance:- Centimetre (cm)
(3.) Time (T)
Time is an illusion that loses in every second. time is an infinite unfinished continuous events that exist in present, fall in past and will next in future. time is denoted by t.
- S.I unit of time:- Second (s)
- CGS unit of time:- second (s)
(4.) Speed (s)
Speed is define as the total distance travelled by the body to the total time taken. In other words speed is determined by the distance covered in a specific time period by the body. It is denoted by s.
- S.I unit of speed:- meter / sec (m/s)
- CGS unit of speed:- centimetre / sec (cm/s)
(5.) Volume (V)
The maximum dimensional area covered by an object in length, breath and height. It is denoted by V. volume is affected by shape and size of a body. means if the body has greater shape and size it may be the body has larger volume or vice-versa.
- S.I unit of volume:- meter cube (m3)
- CGS unit of volume:- centimetre cube (cm3)
(6.) Density (D)
Density is define as the mass of a body per unit volume. That means if a body has volume 'v' and mass 'm' then density is equal to m/v.
- S.I unit density:- kilogram / m2 (kg/m3)
- CGS unit density:- gram / cm3 (g /cm3)
(7.) Pressure (P)
Pressure is the force exerted in a unit area of an object. It is denoted by P. pressure is also define as the force per unit area. given by P = F / A.
- S.I unit of pressure:- Newton / m2 (N / m2) or Pascal
- CGS unit pressure:- Dyne / cm2
(8.) Work (W)
In physics, If a force is applied on a body and the body get displaces from its initial position and covers some distance then work is done. It is denoted by W. work can also be described as the dot product of force and displacement. given by W = F.s.
- S.I unit of work:- Joule (N-m) or Newton-meter.
- CGS unit of work:- Erg (dyne-cm) or Dyne-centimetre
(9.) Energy (E)
The ability to do some work is called energy. energy can neither be created nor be destroyed but it can be converted into one form to another form. like electric energy into light energy. It is denoted by E.
- S.I unit of energy:- Joule
- CGS unit of energy:- Erg
(10.) Electric current (A)
It is the flow of electron from one potential to another potential. Flow of electron create potential difference between two points so that electricity generated. It is denoted by A.
- S.I unit of electric current:- Ampere
- CGS unit of electric current:- Biot
(11.) Velocity (V)
Velocity is define as the distance travelled by the body per unit time in a given direction. Velocity is vector quantity. because it has both magnitude and direction. It is denoted by V. velocity can also be described as the displacement per unit time.
Velocity = Displacement / time
- S.I unit of velocity:- meter / sec. (m /s)
- CGS unit of velocity:- centimetre / sec. (cm /s)
(12.) Acceleration (A)
Acceleration is the change in velocity with respect to time. In other words, it is the final displacement minus initial displacement whole divided by time. It is denoted by A. Acceleration is vector quantity.
- S.I unit of acceleration:- meter / sec2 (m / s2)
- CGS unit of acceleration:- centimetre / sec2 (cm / s2)
(13.) Displacement (S)
It is the shortest distance covered by the body in whole journey. In other words, displacement is equal to the distance between initial position and final position of a body. It is denoted by S. Distance may be zero.
- S.I unit of displacement:- meter (m)
- CGS unit of displacement:- centimetre (cm)
(14.) Force (F)
Force is define as the push or pull of an object is called force. In other words, force is the product of mass and acceleration. It is denoted by F. where F = ma.
- S.I unit of force:- Newton (Kg. m /s2)
- CGS unit of force:- Dyne (g. cm /s2)
(15.) torque (τ)
It is the measurement of the force acting on a body to determine how much it cause to rotate the body. It is denoted by τ. It is vector quantity.
- S.I unit of torque:- Newton-meter (N-m)
- CGS unit of torque:- Dyne-centimetre
(16.) Electric field (E)
It is a reason where electric current can be experienced. In other words, electric field is the area where the electric field lines exist. It is denoted by E.
- S.I unit of electric field:- Newton / coulomb (volt / meter)
- CGS unit of electric field:- Dyne / biot-sec.
(17.) Angular velocity (⍵)
Rate of change of angular displacement with respect to time. On other hand angular velocity is how fast the body is moving with respect to time.
- S.I unit of angular velocity:- radian / sec
- CGS unit of angular velocity:- per second
(18.) Linear momentum (P)
Linear momentum is defined as the product of mass and velocity. It is denoted by P. yhe formula of linear momentum is P = mv. It is vector quantity.
- S.I unit of liner momentum:- Kg. m /s
- CGS unit of linear momentum:- g. cm /s
(19.) Magnetic dipole moment (ጣ)
Magnetic dipole moment represent the magnetic strength of the magnet with the help of quantity. It is denoted by ጣ. It is vector quantity because it has both magnitude and direction.
- S.I unit of magnetic dipole moment:- weber-meter
- CGS unit of magnetic dipole moment:- emu. erg/G
(20.) Thrust (T)
Thrust is the types of force act on upward direction in water.
- S.I unit of thrust:- Newton
- CGS unit of thrust:- Dyne
(21.) Temperature (T)
It is define as the how hotness and coldness of the body is. It is denoted by T. In other words temperature indicates that how hot or cold a body is.
- S.I unit of temperature:- kelvin (k)
- CGS unit of temperature:- kelvin
(22.) Frequency (μ)
It is number of cycle of a wave passing in one second. In other words it is cycle per second.
- S.I unit of frequency:- Hertz (Hz)
- CGS unit of frequency:- Hertz
(23.) Amount of substance (Mol)
Amount of substance is defined as the total number of soute present in total number of solvent.
- S.I unit of amount of substance:- Mole
- CGS unit of amount of substance:- mole
(24.) Concentration (C)
Concentration is define as the total number of solute or solvent present in a unit volume of solution. In other words it calculate the mass of solute or solvent per unit volume. It is denoted by C.
- S.I unit of concentration:- kilogram / m3
- CGS unit of concentration:- gram / cm3
(25.) Power (P)
The rate of doing work is called power. power is work per unit time. It is denoted by P.
- S.I unit of power:- joule / sec (watt)
- CGS unit of power:- erg / sec
(26.) Impulse (I)
Impulse is the force acting for a short period of time.
- S.I unit of Impulse:- Newton-second
- CGS unit of Impulse:- Dyne-second
(27.) Angle (∠)
It is unitless that expressed in terms of theta.
(28.) Weight (W)
Weight is the force acting in downward direction to the center of the earth. It is the downward force.
- S.I unit of weight:- Newton
- CGS unit of weight:- Dyne
(29.) Magnetic field (B)
It is the reason where magnetic force is experienced. It is denoted by B.
- S.I unit:- Tesla
- CGS unit:- oersted
(30.) Gravitation (G)
It the pulling force acting in downward direction toward the center of the planet.
- S.I unit:- Newton / kg
- CGS unit:- Dyne / g