Introduction on prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell
Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are the two main types of
cells that make up living organisms. Prokaryotic cells are the cells of
bacteria and archaea, and are generally smaller and simpler in structure than
eukaryotic cells. They lack a defined nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles,
and their genetic material is not separated from the rest of the cell by a
nuclear envelope. Prokaryotic cells are typically smaller than eukaryotic cells
and have a simpler structure. They reproduce through binary fission.
Eukaryotic cells, on the other hand, have a defined nucleus
that contains the cell’s genetic material and is separated from the rest of the
cell by a nuclear envelope. They also have a variety of membrane-bound
organelles, such as mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and golgi apparatus,
which carry out specific functions within the cell. Eukaryotic cells also have
a cytoskeleton that provides structural support and helps with cell movement.
They reproduce through meiosis and mitosis. Eukaryotic cells are found in
plants, animals, fungi, and protists.
These two types of cells have different characteristics,
structures and functions, and they have evolved differently over time.
Understanding the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is
essential in many fields such as medicine, microbiology, biotechnology, and
evolutionary biology.
what is prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell
Prokaryotic cells are the cells of bacteria and archaea, and
are generally smaller and simpler in structure than eukaryotic cells. They lack
a defined nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles, and their genetic
material is not separated from the rest of the cell by a nuclear envelope. They
also have a single cell membrane and a cell wall surrounding it. Prokaryotic
cells are typically smaller than eukaryotic cells and have a simpler structure.
They reproduce through binary fission.
Eukaryotic cells, on the other hand, have a defined nucleus
that contains the cell’s genetic material and is separated from the rest of the
cell by a nuclear envelope. They also have a variety of membrane-bound
organelles, such as mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and golgi apparatus,
which carry out specific functions within the cell. Eukaryotic cells also have
a cytoskeleton that provides structural support and helps with cell movement.
They reproduce through meiosis and mitosis. Eukaryotic cells are found in
plants, animals, fungi, and protists.
Prokaryotic cells are the simpler of the two types of cells,
they lack a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. Eukaryotic cells have
a defined nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. Additionally, eukaryotic
cells are generally larger and more complex than prokaryotic cells.
Prokaryotic cells are the cells of bacteria and archaea, and
are generally smaller and simpler in structure than eukaryotic cells. They lack
a defined nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles, and their genetic
material is not separated from the rest of the cell by a nuclear envelope.
Eukaryotic cells, on the other hand, have a defined nucleus and other
membrane-bound organelles, and their genetic material is separated from the
rest of the cell by a nuclear envelope. Eukaryotic cells are found in plants,
animals, fungi, and protists.
10 plus difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell
with 5 examples
Nucleus: Eukaryotic cells have a defined nucleus that
contains the cell’s genetic material, while prokaryotic cells do not have a
defined nucleus and their genetic material is not separated from the rest of
the cell.
- Cell size: Prokaryotic cells are generally smaller in size
than eukaryotic cells.
- Cell membrane: Prokaryotic cells have a single cell
membrane, while eukaryotic cells have a plasma membrane and additional
membranes that enclose various organelles. - Cytoskeleton: Eukaryotic cells have a cytoskeleton, which
provides structural support and helps with cell movement, while prokaryotic
cells do not have a cytoskeleton. - Organelles: Eukaryotic cells have a variety of membrane-bound
organelles, such as mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and golgi apparatus,
while prokaryotic cells do not have these organelles. - Ribosomes: Prokaryotic cells have smaller and simpler
ribosomes than eukaryotic cells. - Cytosol: Prokaryotic cells have homogenous cytosol while
eukaryotic cells have a cytosol that is more compartmentalized. - Cell wall: Prokaryotic cells have a rigid cell wall that
surrounds the cell membrane, while eukaryotic cells do not have a cell wall. - Flagella: Prokaryotic cells have flagella that are simpler
in structure than eukaryotic cells. - Reproduction: Prokaryotic cells reproduce through binary
fission, while eukaryotic cells reproduce through meiosis and mitosis.
Examples: Bacteria (prokaryotic), Amoeba (eukaryotic); E.coli
(prokaryotic), Human cells (eukaryotic); Streptococcus (prokaryotic), Yeast
(eukaryotic); Mycoplasma (prokaryotic), Paramecium (eukaryotic); Cyanobacteria
(prokaryotic), Animal cells (eukaryotic).
similarities between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell
There are a few similarities between prokaryotic and
eukaryotic cells, including:
- Both types of cells have a cell membrane that surrounds the
cell and controls the movement of molecules in and out of the cell. - Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have genetic material
(DNA) that contains the instructions for the cell’s functions and reproduction. - Both types of cells use energy from food to carry out
metabolic reactions and maintain their structure and functions. - Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are capable of
responding to changes in their environment and adjusting their behavior
accordingly. - Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have a cytosol, which
is the aqueous fluid that fills the cell and contains dissolved ions and
molecules. - Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have ribosomes, which
are the cell’s protein-making factories. - Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have a similar way of
obtaining energy through a process called cellular respiration. - Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have a mechanism for
cell division in order to reproduce. - Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have a mechanism for
DNA replication in order to ensure the genetic information is passed on to the
next generation. - Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have mechanisms to
repair damaged DNA, making sure the cell’s genetic material is not compromised.